Every year, millions of students around the world celebrate their graduation by wearing long gowns and square caps. Many people believe that these traditions come purely from medieval Europe. However, some historical perspectives suggest that they may also be connected to earlier educational traditions in the Islamic world.

One of the oldest educational institutions in history, University of Al-Qarawiyyin, was founded in 859 in Fez, Morocco. At that time, the Islamic world highly valued knowledge and education. Students there did not only study religion, but also subjects like mathematics, medicine, and music. Graduation was not just a formal event—it was an important milestone.

In this tradition, students who completed their studies often wore a long robe known as a thawb. This clothing was more than just an outfit. It symbolized knowledge, honor, and achievement. It also represented responsibility, meaning that educated individuals were expected to share their knowledge with others.

Over time, connections between the Islamic world and Europe grew stronger. Many European students traveled to study in Islamic centers of learning. When they returned home, they brought back not only knowledge but also academic traditions, including the use of special clothing to represent scholars.

This influence can be seen in the development of early European universities, such as University of Bologna, founded in 1088. Gradually, the use of academic gowns became a standard tradition in Europe and later spread across the world.

In addition to the gown, the square graduation cap, known as the mortarboard, also carries symbolic meaning. Some views suggest that its flat shape is inspired by traditional headwear in the Islamic world, representing respect for knowledge. However, the modern practice of throwing the cap during graduation is a much later tradition and is not part of its original meaning.

In classical Islamic society, clothing like scholarly robes could not be worn by just anyone. A person had to complete their studies and be recognized as qualified to teach or share knowledge. Therefore, the robe became a symbol of academic authority and responsibility.

Today, this meaning is still relevant. A graduation gown is not just a sign of academic success, but also a reminder that knowledge should be used for the benefit of others. It represents hard work, dedication, and a commitment to continue learning and contributing to society.

In the end, graduation is more than just a ceremony. Behind the gown, there is a deeper message about the value of knowledge, the legacy of past civilizations, and the responsibility that comes with being educated.

References:

Majlis Keselamatan Negara. (2024, Disember 19). Jubah konvokesyen: Warisan zaman keemasan Islam yang kita tak sedar? “JUBAH KONVOKESYEN: WARISAN ZAMAN KEEMASAN ISLAM YANG KITA TAK SEDAR?” – Laman Web MKN